买翡翠，最常听到的就是“A 货”“B 货”“C 货”。但很多人只知道 A 货好，却说不清 B 和 C 到底做了什么、怎么看。这篇一次讲清。
先说明：本文讲的是 A/B/C 的基本概念和常见识别思路，不是鉴定结论。最终判断仍需依赖正规检测机构。
一、A 货：天然翡翠
只经过切割、打磨、抛光，没有经过任何化学处理。颜色和结构都是天然的。
- 颜色：分布自然，有深浅过渡
- 结构：放大镜下可见纤维交织结构
- 光泽：玻璃光泽，清亮
- 紫外灯：通常无荧光反应
二、B 货：酸洗 + 注胶
用强酸泡掉杂质和脏色，再注入树脂胶，让翡翠看起来更透、更干净。结构已经被破坏。
- 颜色：可能变干净，但发飘、不自然
- 结构：放大镜下可见酸蚀纹，像蜘蛛网
- 光泽：树脂光泽，偏暗、偏闷
- 紫外灯：常呈蓝白色荧光
三、C 货：染色
用染料把颜色染进翡翠，冒充高色翡翠。颜色通常沿裂隙分布。
- 颜色：沿裂隙分布，呈网状、丝状
- 结构：裂隙处颜色深，晶体内部颜色浅
- 光泽：可能正常，但颜色不自然
- 紫外灯：染料常呈荧光反应
四、B+C 货：酸洗 + 注胶 + 染色
最常见的“处理翡翠”，先酸洗注胶，再染色。破坏最严重，价值最低。
五、A / B / C 对比表
| 特征 | A 货 | B 货 | C 货 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 处理方式 | 无 | 酸洗 + 注胶 | 染色 |
| 颜色 | 自然过渡 | 发飘、干净但不自然 | 沿裂隙分布 |
| 结构 | 纤维交织 | 酸蚀纹、蜘蛛网 | 颜色沿裂隙 |
| 光泽 | 玻璃光泽 | 树脂光泽 | 可能正常 |
| 紫外灯 | 无荧光 | 蓝白荧光 | 荧光反应 |
实战提醒：价格远低于市场、颜色又特别“漂亮”的翡翠，先怀疑 B+C。买之前一定要看正规检测证书。
六、上手怎么看？
- 看证书：正规机构出具的 A 货证书是最基本保障
- 看结构：用 10 倍放大镜看有无酸蚀纹
- 看颜色：颜色是否沿裂隙分布、有没有自然过渡
- 看荧光：用紫外灯照，看有无异常荧光
七、常见误区
- 误区一：透就是好——B 货也很透
- 误区二：绿就是贵——C 货也很绿
- 误区三：有证书就是 A——证书要看机构、看内容
- 误区四：价格便宜捡漏——多半是 B+C
下一步可以做什么？
- 去正规商场看 A 货翡翠，建立颜色和光泽的记忆
- 买一个 10 倍放大镜和紫外灯，学会看结构和荧光
- 把每次看到的可疑件拍下来，做自己的对比库
When buying jadeite, you'll hear "A grade", "B grade", "C grade". Many know A is good, but few can explain what B and C actually do. Here's the full picture.
Note: This is about the basic concepts and common identification clues, not authentication. Final judgement needs a certified lab.
1. A grade — natural jadeite
Only cut, shaped, and polished. No chemical treatment. Colour and structure are natural.
- Colour: natural distribution, gradual
- Structure: fibrous interlocking under loupe
- Shine: glassy, clear
- UV: usually no fluorescence
2. B grade — acid washed + polymer filled
Strong acid removes impurities and stains, then resin is injected to make it clearer. The structure is damaged.
- Colour: may look cleaner but floaty
- Structure: acid etching lines, spiderweb pattern
- Shine: resinous, dull
- UV: often blue-white fluorescence
3. C grade — dyed
Dye is forced into the stone to fake high colour. Dye usually sits along cracks.
- Colour: along cracks, web-like
- Structure: darker in cracks, lighter inside crystals
- Shine: may be normal, but colour unnatural
- UV: dye often fluoresces
4. B+C — acid washed, filled, and dyed
The most common "treated jadeite". Most damaged, lowest value.
5. A / B / C comparison
| Feature | A | B | C |
|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment | None | Acid + resin | Dye |
| Colour | Natural | Clean but floaty | Along cracks |
| Structure | Fibrous | Etching lines | Dye in cracks |
| Shine | Glassy | Resinous | May be normal |
| UV | None | Blue-white | Fluorescent |
Tip: Too cheap + too pretty = suspect B+C. Always ask for a certificate from a reputable lab.
6. How to check
- Certificate: a proper A-grade certificate is the baseline
- Structure: 10x loupe for acid etching lines
- Colour: look for cracks and natural transitions
- UV: check for abnormal fluorescence
7. Common misconceptions
- Clearer = better — B grade is also clear
- Greener = pricier — C grade is also green
- Has certificate = A — check the lab and wording
- Cheap = bargain — often B+C